P1: News

12/11/18 

To get A* - B:

• Write about the impact of:
• Media ownership
• Audience
• Online
• While linking all points to set themes, using subject specific terminology and showing awareness of social , cultural and political context.

What is news now?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_eNCJrW62WY - The history of News in five minutes

• 150 years ago technology allowed news to become a commercial business.
• Technology today changing this - anyone can now be a Journalist.
• In 1643 they press had to tell the truth and they were not allowed to be found lying or being biased in newspapers.
• French revolution changed the face of news. Freedom of the press allowed them to write what they wanted.

Pros and cons of citizen journalism:

• Pro - Technology tools and the internet to fact-check.
• Pro - Provides different perspectives.
• Pro - Easy access to current events.
• Pro - Assist professional journalists.

Pros and cons of newspaper journalism:


HOMEWORK



Rupert Murdoch
  

• Murdoch's father, Sir Keith Murdoch, was a reporter and editor who became a senior executive of The Herald and Weekly Times publishing company, covering all Australian states except New South Wales.
• In the 1950s and 1960s, Murdoch acquired a number of newspapers in Australia and New Zealand before expanding into the United Kingdom in 1969, taking over the News of the World, followed closely by The Sun.
• Murdoch bought The Times, his first British broadsheet and, in 1985, became a naturalised U.S. citizen, giving up his Australian citizenship, to satisfy the legal requirement for U.S. television ownership.
• In 1986, keen to adopt newer electronic publishing technologies, Murdoch consolidated his UK printing operations in Wapping, causing bitter industrial disputes. His holding company News Corporation acquired Twentieth Century Fox (1985), HarperCollins (1989), and The Wall Street Journal (2007).
• Murdoch formed the British broadcaster BSkyB in 1990 and, during the 1990s, expanded into Asian networks and South American television. By 2000, Murdoch's News Corporation owned over 800 companies in more than 50 countries, with a net worth of over $5 billion.
• In July 2011, Murdoch faced allegations that his companies, including the News of the World, owned by News Corporation, had been regularly hacking the phones of celebrities, royalty, and public citizens. Murdoch faced police and government investigations into bribery and corruption by the British government and FBI investigations in the U.S.
• On 21 July 2012, Murdoch resigned as a director of News International. On 1 July 2015, Murdoch left his post as CEO of 21st Century Fox. However, Murdoch and his family continue to own both 21st Century Fox and News Corp through the Murdoch Family Trust.

Lord Rothermere (Jonathan Harmsworth, 4th Viscount Rothermere) 

• Jonathan Harold Esmond Vere Harmsworth, 4th Viscount Rothermere (born 3 December 1967) is a British viscount and inheritor of a newspaper and media empire founded by his great-grandfather Harold Sidney Harmsworth. He is chairman of DMG Media, formerly Associated Newspapers, a media conglomerate which includes the Daily Mail.
• Harmsworth held various positions in Associated Newspapers and was managing director of the Evening Standard, when the sudden death of his father in 1998 resulted in his becoming the controlling shareholder and chairman of Associated and of its parent Daily Mail and General Trust just before his 31st birthday. One change he has instituted since becoming chairman is requiring directors to retire at age 75.
• In 2013, Private Eye reported that Viscount Rothermere falsely claims non-dom status, in order to avoid paying tax on his stately home, Ferne House. This move saves him several millions of pounds in tax annually.
• He was a supporter of the former Conservative Party leader David Cameron.
• He ranked fourth in the Publishing, Advertising, and PR section of the Sunday Times Rich List 2013 with an estimated wealth of £720 million. In April 2015, the Sunday Times estimated his net worth at £1 billion He has non-domicile tax status and owns his media businesses through a complex structure of offshore holdings and trusts.
• The BBC's Newsnight programme at the end of January 2017 reported that former prime minister David Cameron had approached Lord Rothermere to sack Eurosceptic Paul Dacre, the editor of the Daily Mail in the run up to the 2016 EU membership referendum.
• A representative of Lord Rothermere refused to confirm or deny the story, although a spokesman for Cameron confirmed that he had tried to persuade both Dacre and Rothermere over the vote.
• Rothermere's representative told the media: "Over the years, Lord Rothermere has been leant on by more than one prime minister to remove Associated Newspapers’ editors but, as he told Lord Justice Leveson on oath, he does not interfere with the editorial policies of his papers".

22/11/18 NEWS BIAS

Media Ownership and the Printed Press in the UK.

How does media ownership contribute to news bias?

• Political opinion of owner
• Commercial advertising ties
• Business interests of owners/friends
• Profit: newspapers are not PSB - News is not 'non fiction' it is stories designed to sell.

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/daily-mail-brexit-saboteurs-paul-dacre-geordie-greig-remainers-hard-brexiteers-remoaners-chaos-detox-a8637751.html?utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Facebook#Echobox=1542445064

As this article demonstrates, the editor has an input in the political views, since the daily mail got a new editor, their view on brexit has dramatically changed.




26/11/18 BREXIT

https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/jun/24/mail-sun-uk-brexit-newspapers
https://www.theguardian.com/politics/gallery/2016/jun/24/newspapers-brexit-front-pages-eu
https://www.theguardian.com/media/gallery/2016/jun/25/brexit-front-pages-in-pictures









9/12/18 vote of no confidence towards Theresa May but she won and got her party back and now Brexit is still happening. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ucJ6RPez06s  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s2ZLxrDJ3ig 

Theresa May's Brexit deal has been defeated in parliament, with a staggering 432 MPs voting against it. 

The Brexit deal is in two parts - both of which provoked a huge backlash. The first is the 585-page Withdrawal Agreement. This covers the UK's actual exit from the EU, and was agreed on November 14. The second is the 26-page Political Declaration on a Future Framework. This covers the shape of a future relationship and was agreed on November 22. If a deal isn't agreed, the UK will leave the EU on 29 March 2019 with no deal. This is a 'No Deal Brexit'.

These agreements are only in principle and needed to be signed off by three groups. First there was the Cabinet. It agreed the deal but two Cabinet ministers - Dominic Raab and Esther McVey - resigned. Second - the deal needed to be signed off by 27 EU leaders at a Brussels summit  on Sunday 25 November. Third and last - it needs to be signed off in a vote by MPs in Parliament. Theresa May lost that final vote by an absolute record landslide.

https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/brexit-deal-theresa-may-vote-13591418

29/11/18 CASE STUDY COVERS

• The denotation of a word or phrase is its explicit or direct meaning. Another way to think of it is as the associations that a word usually elicits for most speakers of a language, as distinguished from those elicited for any individual speaker because of personal experience.
• The connotation of a word or phrase is the associated or secondary meaning; it can be something suggested or implied by a word or thing, rather than being explicitly named or described.

Explain how the political context in which newspapers and produced, influences their ownership and regulation. Refer to The Guardian(Scott Trust Limited) and The Daily Mail(DGMT) newspapers you have studied to support your answer.

25/06/16


The Daily Mail's headline is in caps and is taking up one third of the page to show us how strong their opinions are of the fact we are staying in the EU.
The Guardian's photo shows David Cameron is looking left which could indicate that he is lying or unsure, he is also looking at his wife as if he needs reassurance.
The Daily Mail has a royal crest which means someone in the royal family read it which may sway people to believe that the royal family want to leave the EU. 

22/06/16

Daily mail are trying to guilt trip people to vote leave by saying that if they don't vote to leave then they don't believe in Britain. The Daily Mail are quite bias and they are trying to force their views on to everyone else by using words with negative connotations.

The guardian want us to stay in the EU. EU is gonna cause chaos. They are saying that David Beckham is voting to remain and they are trying to get others to vote to remain as Beckham is influential so people will do what he says.


Explain how the political context in which newspapers and produced, influences their ownership and regulation. Refer to The Guardian(Scott Trust Limited) and The Daily Mail(Lord Rothermere) newspapers you have studied to support your answer.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-15686679


Exam Layout:

• Intro: Link to the question.
• 
  
• Paragraph 1: Ownership model - The Guardian
• Daily Mail

• Link to the question.

Paragraph 2: Leveson enquiry prompts change from PPC - IPSO.

• 
  
• Paragraph 3: "But despite this new regulation Brexit, coverage still clearly demonstrates political bias and arguably the Brexit result." (Example)
• 
  
• Conclusion: Link to question with reference to: Ownership - Interest to owners, interest to advertisers, interest to audience. Then your own idea.

I think that editors do include their political views in their newspapers to try and influence the public. When editing their magazine they take in the owners political interests, their advertisers views and the target audience's status quo. Scott Trust Limited, for The Guardian, believes we should remain in the EU so he reflects that into his newspaper. The Daily Mail's owner, Lord Rothermere, want to leave the EU so they also like to strongly include that in their newspaper in an attempt to influence their readers.

My case studies show this, when I was looking at The Daily Mail which is owned by Lord Rothermere and The Guardian, owned by Scott Trust Limited. (Lord Rothermere has connections to the tories, politcal bias can be seen in his newspaper e.g ) (Guardian owned by collective of people so its gonna be more left wing) 

FINISH AT HOME